Additive Synthesis and Spectral Modeling are in detail introduced in the corresponding sections of the Sound Synthesis Introduction. Since sounds are created by combining large numbers of spectral components, such as harmonics or noise bands, spatialization at synthesis stage is an obvious method. Listeners can thereby be spatially enveloped by a single sound, with spectral components being perceived from all angles. The continuous character, however, blurs the localization.

## SOS

Spatio-operational spectral (SOS) synthesis (Topper, 2002) is an attempt towards a dynamic spatial additive synthesis, implemented in MAX/MSP and RTcmix. Partials are rotated independently within a 2D 8 channel speaker setup. A first experiment used a varying rate circular spatial path of the first eight partials of a square wave, as shown in Figure 1.

Figure 1: First SOS experiment (Topper, 2002).

Figure 2 shows the second experiment with one partial moving against the others.

Figure 2: Second SOS experiment (Topper, 2002).

## GLOOO

GLOOO is a system for real-time expressive spatial synthesis with spectral models. A haptic interface allows the dynamic distribution of 100 spectral components, allowing a control over the spread and position of the resulting violin sound. The project is best documented on the corresponding websites:

## References

#### 2004

• Curtis Roads. Microsound. The MIT Press, 2004. ISBN 0262681544.
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